Packaging and Nanotechnology (I)

I. Nanotechnology Overview
Nano-st is a concept proposed by scientists in the 1950s. It was just born in the late 1980s and is a rising new technology.
Nanotechnology refers to the technology and methods for understanding and transforming nature within the nanometer range (10-9 to -7m), that is, a micrometer of a billionth of a meter, by directly manipulating and arranging atoms and molecules to create new substances.
Nanotechnology is a means and weapon for mankind to explore the mysteries of the world from a microscopic level. The area it studies is the micro-domain that humans rarely covered in the past, thus opening up a new level of human understanding of the world. Nanotechnology reveals a visible atom and molecular world to human beings with unprecedented resolution. Its ultimate goal is to directly manufacture atoms and molecules with products with specific functions. The microcosmic world of nanotechnology exploration and research is limited to the macroscopic and microscopic levels that human beings have explored, that is, it is limited to atoms and molecules, not microscopic microscopic particles in elementary science—smaller elementary particles than atoms, such as neutrons. , mesons, protons, super sons and so on. In the microscopic space-time, the upper limit is generally defined atoms and molecules, but the lower limit is endless. The intermediate field between atoms, molecules, and macroscopic objects is a “virgin land” that people have yet to recognize and develop. The current nanotechnology is how to “open up” this “virgin land”.
We can say that the spatial domain of nanotechnology research is microscopic atoms and molecules in space and time. With nanotechnology, one can freely arrange atoms within a substance and freely manipulate atoms.
Second, nanotechnology is a new technological revolution Nanotechnology has become a high-tech "century of war."
At present, many countries in the world formulate relevant strategies and plans one after another, and they have invested huge amounts of money to fight the highest point of the nanotechnology strategy. The United States has considered nanotechnology research as the core of the next industrial revolution. The US government’s investment in basic research in nanotechnology has increased from more than 100 million U.S. dollars in 1977 to 500 million U.S. dollars in 2001. Frontiers have become overlords. Other well-known companies, corporations, and consortia are also closely following the progress of nanotechnology research. Major companies such as DuPont, Kodak, Hewlett-Packard and IBM have also set up their own nanotechnology research teams. At present, the nanotechnology research boom has spread all over the world.
The reason why nanotechnology has become a hot spot for comprehensive research is because nanotechnology will create miracles for humans. Its application value in the future will surpass today's computers, which means that nanotechnology has given birth to tremendous opportunities.
Look at the predictions of nanotechnology by scientists in the following areas.
The nanotechnology research work will probably allow the entire collection of the Library of Congress to be stored on a silicon wafer with a diameter of only 0.3 meters.
Nanoelectronics allows quantum components to replace microelectronic devices, and supercomputers can be carried around in pockets.
Nano-organism "components" are combined with nano-inorganic compounds and their crystal structure "components", and nano-electronics are used to control the formation of nano-robots. Doctors can use nanobots to get through brain thrombosis and clear up fat deposits in the heart arteries. They can also perform whole body examinations and treatments by injecting a variety of functional nano-micro-machines into blood vessels.
Nano-scale drugs provide new ways and means for drug delivery and injection. They can directly inject drugs to treat diseased bodies to greatly improve medical efficacy and reduce side effects.
Nanotechnology makes fragile ceramic materials tough, exhibits good toughness near room temperature, and undergoes bending without breaking at 180°C. Nanotechnology has become a strategic approach to brittleness of ceramics.
Nanotechnology can turn good conductor metal materials into non-metal materials; nanotechnology can significantly reduce typical insulator resistance and lose insulator properties; nanotechnology can demagnetize magnetic materials. As a result, new concepts of nanomaterials have been created.
The application of nanotechnology in the military is even more unpredictable. The most typical is the stealth material of military weapons. This stealth material is made using nanotechnology. In the Gulf War of 1991, for example, the fighter aircraft deployed on the first day of the United States escaped Iraq’s stringent military radar surveillance network and quickly reached the Iraqi capital Baghdad. It quickly destroyed the Telegraph Building and other military targets of Pakistan, which lasted for 40 years. During the day's battle, the U.S. aircraft flight reached 1,270 sorties, which resulted in the destruction of 95% of the Iraqi military’s important military targets. None of the U.S. military planes were damaged. At that time, they were shocked by the world. The Iraqi military radar surveillance system is incapable of handling US military aircraft. It is that the US military plane is coated with a layer of nano stealth material.
Third, the application of nanotechnology in the field of packaging technology The application of nanotechnology in the field of packaging has not yet been taken seriously by people. In fact, nanotechnology has a broad application prospects in the field of packaging, in the packaging materials, packaging technology, nanotechnology The value will be incalculable. The magical functions and characteristics of nanotechnology can be analyzed from the following aspects.
1. Eliminate static electricity Improve packaging and printing speed and effectiveness Metal nanoparticles have a special function of eliminating static electricity. We can use this feature of nanotechnology to apply nanoparticles to the surface of packaging and printed materials to eliminate static electricity generated when packaging and printing materials are transported on high-speed full-automatic packaging machines or printing machines, thereby greatly improving packaging and printing. speed. In addition, due to the elimination of static electricity, the surface of the packaging and printing material no longer attracts dust, and the surface of the material is no longer covered with dust and friction increases, resulting in scratches. At the same time, the printed surface is free of electrostatic dust to improve the printing effect. Therefore, nanotechnology can greatly improve packaging and printing effects through its static elimination characteristics.
2. Sterilization and sterilization Improve package quality and increase shelf life Nano-particles are added to packaging materials (such as plastics and composite materials) to produce odor-eliminating and sterilizing effects. Now some of our companies are using this technical feature to add nanoparticles to refrigerator materials (plastics) to produce antibacterial refrigerators, which greatly extend the shelf life of foods stored in refrigerators so that users do not have to worry too much about foods. corruption. Nanoparticles can also be added to paper, plastic and composite materials for packaging foods, which can increase the shelf life of packaged foods. (To be continued)