Installation Technology of Super High-Rise Steel Structure of Dalian World Trade Building in the 2nd Section Yan Xinglong Gaoping 21. The First Division of China Construction Engineering Bureau, Beijing 100077; 2 Department of Investment and Engineering Management, Northeast University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, Dalian 6023 The choice of beams and columns, the lifting method and measurement correction, the installation of high-strength bolts, the welding of profiled steel plate bolts.
The joint form of the prismatic column web connection is high-strength bolt connection. The pallet connection is full penetration welding, and the box-shaped column is made through penetration welding. The beam and column and the beam and beam connection web adopt high-strength bolt connection. The beam and Partially dyed and connected to the flange of the beam with full welding welding. The connection between the beam and the core tube The beam web and the connection plate are connected by high-strength bolts. The connection plate and the embedded plate in the core tube are welded by vertical welding. The upper and lower cargo edge plates are not connected to the embedded parts to form a hinged node column and column. Temporary connection between the 193 large hexagon head high-strength bolt connection, the rest are used torsion shear type high-strength bolt connection 1 steel structure installation machinery selection Dalian World Trade Building main building side column center is 38.3 east-west, north-south; the most is 37.4 components. Tun 12.51 is arranged in the core tube according to the engineering characteristics. 1 is selected. 1 is located in the kitchen area on the south side of the 1505 climbing building. 1 is selected. Only 23 is used as the hoisting machinery for finishing the structure and the southern components of the podium. 2 indoor preparation of steel structure installation 2.1 running water The main building is surrounded by city pillars, and every three storeys of the standard storey is a standard section. Each steel column is divided into 17 column sections from the height of 0.0. The standard column pitch is 4.1 In the installation process, each column is used as a vertical flow section. In each vertical flow section, the steel structure installation sequence is escaped and hoisted according to the prepared order. It follows the author's introduction. Run Xinglong 1973, male, Shouyang, Shanxi Person, China National Construction Engineering Corporation, Assistant Engineer, Technical Section Chief, Steel Tower, Staircase Floor, Steel Tower, Haizhutun Waiwai, Beijing, Yongdingmen Preparation of the installation sequence Before the components enter the site, the component installation sequence number, component name, etc. of the component position of the beam side of the primary beam and the secondary beam should be separately compiled according to the actual situation of the project and the installation sequence. The installation sequence reflects the installation sequence number of each component, the name of the component, the paper number of the component, the number of high-strength bolts and connecting plates for installation, the weight of the component, the weight of the component, a brief description, etc. 2.3 Arrangement of the order of entry of the component Enter the site, and arrange them neatly according to the installation order. Later, the columns will be transported into the site in the reverse order of the installation order. In order to prevent confusion of components, components that are not columns in this section are required. After the steel components are not transported into the site, the finished product quality certificate and retest report of the steel material, the finished product quality certificate and retest report of the electrode material, and the component Weld appearance, ultrasonic flaw detection report, actual deviation and other data, and record all data of pre-inspection 3 Pre-hoisting site preparation Before hoisting, the number of components and appearance should be checked, including the geometric dimensions of all steel components, the position angle of connecting plate parts The diameter and position of the bolt hole, the groove of the welding seam, the friction surface of the node, before installing each column of the attachment, the column positioning axis of the ground should be guided to the construction site, and the mark should be marked on the column head such as the ear plate of the column is at the center of the column , You can borrow a line from any direction, and combine the core tube elevation line to project the top line of the column column to the column head of the next column. For every two columns installed on the ground, set the elevation control line for installation with the column top as the reference. Both sides, and should be aligned with the elevation control line of the lower column. If the beam is asymmetric or there are holes at both ends of the beam, the axis direction of the beam should be marked. After the column measurement mark is completed, the operating platform and the steel ladder that install the beam and the welded column beam joint are firmly tied to the column.
4 Installation of steel structure column beams This project adopts the method of hoisting and correcting a single component, that is, hoisting one component to correct one component. The elevation of the steel column is controlled by relative elevation, and the absolute elevation is checked.
4.1 Lifting of steel column The lifting point of the steel column is set at the position of the bolt hole of the column connection ear plate. The lifting is carried out using a special spreader. The tower crane is used for single-machine slewing method. During the lifting, the sleeper is cushioned at the root of the column to prevent the bottom of the column from contacting the ground or occurring. Before lifting the column, prepare the shim plate and steel wedge for the calibration column, hang the temporary connection plate with high-strength bolts at the bottom of the lifting column, connect the ear plate at the bottom of the column, and fix and adjust the twist of the column When the fixture is lifted vertically to the installation position, the column temporary connection ear plate is placed on the installed fixture, and the other two temporary connection ear plates outside the installation fixture are temporarily fixed with the connection plate large hexagon high-strength bolts. 3 adjust first Elevation, when adjusting, it should be 231 more than the actual standard, and then use the installation fixture to adjust the wrong side of the upper and lower column joints. Finally, the two columns are corrected by two theodolites from two different directions. The final deviation is controlled at ± 4.2 Before hoisting the steel beam, first lift the outer frame around the core tube to the floor to be constructed, the lower part should not affect the installation of the laminated steel plate. Measure the elevation line of the embedded parts of the core tube and place the line, use the angle steel to set the temporary support point of the main beam. The angle of the steel beam hoisting sling should not be less than 4. The binding must be firm, and the connection plates and high-strength bolts should be hung on both ends of the beam. Tool kit, according to the order of lifting of each layer of steel beams, the main beam is followed by the secondary beam and then the small beams. The beam is lifted like the 3-layer beam at the same position of the 1 section column, using the machine lifting method 5, Install the lower beam first, and then install the upper beam of the middle beam. The sling of each beam should be hung in the hook. Use the wire rope to press down the middle and upper beams to bind the beam.
Lift the beam in place, adjust the exact position of the components, put the high-strength bolts in the connecting plate after the alignment, and temporarily fix the high-strength bolts. Use a wrench to tighten them in order from the center to the outside. After all the main beams have been hoisted, carry out The initial expression and final expression of Shang Qiang Bolt. When installing the beam, reserve the shrinkage of the weld determined by the test. The column connected to the beam during the entire installation process must be checked by two theodolites from two different square columns. It must be checked with the ground elevation line. The center line is set at the two ends of the column, and the verticality of Li Zizi must be captured in the core barrel within the range of the Xu. If the column deviates greatly during the installation of the beam, the column must be re-performed. Correction.
5 Construction of high-strength bolts The high-strength bolts used in the installation of the steel structure of this project are torsion-shear type high-strength bolts. The specifications are 16% 20% 22%. 2 sprinkling models 5.1 Before the installation, the high-strength bolts must be provided by the manufacturer. The test report and product qualification certificate shall be re-inspected according to the regulations after entering the site. After passing the re-test, the anti-slip coefficient of the friction surface of the steel member test piece shall be re-tested according to the specifications before the construction is thrown away. The anti-slip coefficient must be rubbed against the component before installation Inspect and treat the surface, use a wire brush or fabric to remove the floating paint and oil stains.
High-strength bolt installation must be carried out by qualified personnel.
5.2 Installation of high-strength bolts After the steel beam is hoisted in place, each node is aligned with the upper and lower bolt holes on the node plate with two over-boring punches, so that the bolts can penetrate freely from the holes, and the high-strength bolts are directly installed on the remaining bolt holes. After tightening the wrench, pull out the boring punch, and then install the high-strength bolts there.
5.3 The final tightening sequence of high-strength bolts is to first screw the upper beam, then the lower beam, and finally the middle beam. The high-strength bolts at each node must be finalized in order from the center to the circumference.
6 On-site welding On-site welding adopts manual arc welding. The welding parts are mainly the welding between the column and the column beam and the column and part of the beam and the beam.
6.1 Welding equipment and welding materials The 1400 DC welding machine is selected for this project. The electrode is a low-hydrogen electrode 43155015. The electrode is baked in a drying oven at 30350, and then stored in a constant temperature oven at 100. The electrode is used It is stored in the heat preservation tube at any time, and it is taken as needed. If it is more than 1 and it is not used up, it must be re-baked. The number of baking times should not exceed 2 owing.
All welders can get on the job after obtaining strict certification through strict training and assessment. Before the formal welding, the welding test of simulated obstacles will be done at the same time according to the welding base material and the welding operator ’s obstacles. After the qualification is passed, the welding process assessment report will be prepared and formulated. Welding operation instructions, determine the technical parameters of on-site welding. Welding operation test shall be carried out before welding the column.
6.2 Check before welding Check the beveled arc starting plate etc. of the welded parts according to the design and specification requirements before welding 6.3 Selection of welding ambient temperature The ambient temperature should not be lower than 0 during welding, otherwise, preheating before welding is required, For post-heat treatment after welding, rain-proof facilities must be installed. When the wind power is greater than 518, a wind-proof shed must be installed. Otherwise, welding operations are prohibited. 6.4 Welding sequence The welding volume of this project is large, and the welding steel plate thickness varies from 8,45. According to the prepared welding sequence Welding, generally known as node symmetry, omnidirectional symmetry welding, first welding steel beams, then welding steel columns; for beam welding, welding the top beam first, then welding the lower beam, and then welding the middle beam, the same node should be welded lower flange first After welding the upper flange, the first beam welding process requires two people from the symmetrical two sides of the column to start the circle welding at the same node.
6.5 Anti-deformation measures. For the entire frame, the welding sequence of the rigid joints of the columns and beams should start from the middle of the entire structure, form the frame first, and then extend outwards to continue the welding. The welding of the columns and beams should be separated from the beams. Beam welding to avoid the simultaneous heating of both ends of the beam to produce a large shrinkage force in the beam; ③ For the column, the symmetric welding should be performed on both sides of the column at the same time. The welding of the column and the column should be performed by two welders symmetrical rotating circle welding. During the welding process, always measure and observe the elevation, horizontality and verticality of the column and beam, find that the abnormal situation is suspended, change the welding sequence in time for special treatment, and make a detailed record of the welding construction in each working area of ​​each floor to summarize Deformation law, comprehensive anti-deformation treatment 6.6 Welding inspection This project requires ultrasonic inspection after the appearance inspection is qualified. Except for the fillet weld to the embedded part in the core tube is a grade 1 weld, the rest are all grade 1 According to the specifications and design requirements, the penetration welds must reach the level 8 inspection level in the ultrasonic inspection.
6.7 Repair of defects in the weld seam except for the unqualified by ultrasonic inspection, after the root is cleaned, the repair welding is performed by the same welding process, and the same standards and methods are used for inspection.
7 The profiled steel plate construction is based on 3 old Shenfu, and the profiled steel plate of the pot project is cold-rolled steel plate, which is only used to cover the construction of the Beijing Botanical Garden Exhibition Greenhouse Steel Structure Gao Yulan. Li Dong, Hu Hongzhi, Wang Xi. Ming Zhangwei Beijing Machinery Construction Company Beijing Abstract Beijing Botanical Garden Exhibition Greenhouse is currently the largest in Asia. The large-scale exhibition greenhouse with the highest degree of automation, the botanical garden greenhouse structure is the first in China to adopt a curved steel pipe truss structure with pipe-to-pipe intersecting welded nodes, and the wall and roof are all using point-connected glass curtain walls. This article briefly describes the construction key words of steel structure steel pipe truss welding through the botanical garden greenhouse; all the steel members are pure steel joints except for the pure hinged joints. The steel material used for the steel structure is 16 cubits, the maximum size of the steel pipe is 0299, 12, the minimum size is 06, 1 to 3.5, the total tonnage of the steel structure is about 72, 1 the design of this project is novel and complex, the steel structure of the entire exhibition greenhouse is spatial The overall structural system, the steel structure is difficult to process and construct, and the curtain wall project requires high installation accuracy of the steel structure. The entire project is modified while being designed and processed and installed. Author brief introduction Gao Yulan 1956, female, Beijinger, Beijing Technical Supervisor, Engineer, City Machinery Construction Company, 15, Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, Tel. 010, Beijing Botanical Garden Exhibition Greenhouse Project is the largest and most automated large-scale exhibition greenhouse in Asia. It consists of an ellipsoidal stamen part and a large-scale exhibition hall. And the entrance hall, the wall and roof are all composed of point-connected glass curtain walls. The stamens are equipped with circular and longitudinal steel pipe steel truss. The longitudinal span is 45 arch height 15 and the arch height is 1.6. The span is 545 minimum span 14126 steel truss vector 1 1.322 hall steel truss total goods. The plane layout end of the steel structure is supported on a curved steel tube truss column hinged at both ends, and the column foot supports ten foundations. 1. The entire steel truss structure system is not involved in the structural upper beam welding, except for the support template. For the installation location line of the profiled steel plate, first lay the temporary horse track, and then lay the profiled steel plate completely. After the profiled steel plate is laid, the profiled steel plate is straightened and flattened before stud welding, and then spot welding is performed to increase the in-plane rigidity of the profiled steel plate. The profiled steel plate and the steel structure must be installed synchronously. The steel structure is installed there. The studs laid there are shear connectors between the steel structure and the concrete floor. The inspection nails used in this project are 19 and 1. The spacing of the inspection nails on the beam is 230. The main beams of the truss are arranged and the common main beams are double. Arrange and arrange Huanliang as a single arrangement. The stud welding of this project adopts arc welding, then melts through the profiled steel plate, and then welds with the steel beam to penetrate the stud welding stud welding quality inspection. The appearance inspection should be free of wrinkles and burrs. Cracking, twisting, bending and other defects, hammering inspection, divided into batches, 1 50 proud sampling, tapping the stud with an iron hammer to bend it, deviating from the vertical 7 to 15, and checking the appearance of no cracks and other defects are qualified. + Qualified
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